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I will discuss the use of very powerful lasers in basic nuclear physics studies and applications. After general considerations I will show the very recent results our group at the Texas A&M University and LNS Catania have obtained in different laboratories, including the 1 PW laser facility of the University of Texas, Austin. We obtained confirmation that astrophysically impoortant nuclear reactions were induced by ultrafast petawatt-laser-irradiated clustering gases. Stellar-like plasma conditions are obtained for sufficiently long time to determine nuclear reaction rates. Use in some applications are discussed also.